Perhaps the communities didn't exactly live in "monasteries" during the Buddha's time (though Buddhist monasteries were built later). See:
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The Buddha was born in the forest, enlightened in the forest, taught in the forest, and passed away in the forest.
The Buddha was born in the forest, enlightened in the forest, taught in the forest, and passed away in the forest.
- Monks are described as "going forth" and as being "homeless". If they did have shelters during the rainy season, perhaps they were modest, not the kind of building that would leave archaeological remains.
Monks are described as "going forth" and as being "homeless". If they did have shelters during the rainy season, perhaps they were modest, not the kind of building that would leave archaeological remains.
I might be wrong though: I don't know when the first monastery building is alleged to have built.
Something like the Mahabodhi Temple was apparently built maybe a hundred and fifty years after Buddha, when Buddhism became the state religion under the Emperor Ashoka, likewise the Maya Devi Temple.